Internal-combustion engine



June 3, 1947. o. HENNING 2,421,733

I INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 1'?, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 1INVNTOR OTTO HENNING ATTORNEY June 3, 1947 o. HENNING 2,421,733

` INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE l 1 Filed Nov. 17,1931 l 5 sheets-sheet 2'FIG/a.

0770 Hlm/m6 u 1N VENTOR A TTORNE Y G m N N E H o.

NTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Nov. l7

INVENTOR ATTORNEY Bmw N470 o. HENNHN@ WWU/33 INTERNAL- COMBUSTION ENGINEFiled Nov. 17, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 oT'ro Himmmci` mamon ATTORNEY June3, 1947. o. l-IENNlNc-.`

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 17, 1931 5. Sheets-Snes?.v 5

MMM"

mvsmon ATToRNi-:Y

Patented June 3,

UNITED STATE s PATENT oFFlcE INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Otto Henning,St. Louls,vMo., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Carter CarburetorCorporation, v St. Louis, Mo., a corporation of Delaware ApplicationNovember 17, 1931, Serial N0. 575,577v

of constant size regardless of suction during normal operation of thecarburetor, at normal operating temperatures.

, It is an object of this invention to provide a carburetor having newand improved means for automatically changing the operation thereof asvthe engine warms up or cools off, so that during the low temperatureoperation of the carburetor, such operation will embody at least some ofthe principles of the air valve carburetor, while at normal and hightemperatures the carburetor will be operated strictly on the plain tubeprinciple.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a carburetor inwhich fuel mixture ratio is automatically controlled both by temperatureand suction, so that the mixture will be leaned out at high temperatureand also at high suction.

It is a further object oi this invention to provide a carburetorwith-means for automatically enriching the mixture when 'the enginestops and for automatically leaning out the mixture when the enginebegins to operate under its own power.

It is a further object of this invention. to provide a carburetor havinga choke valve and to provide meansfor varying the position of said chokevalve in accordance with the suction in the intake manifold of saidengine.

t drawings, referring to which:

Figure la is a, diagram of the carburetor according to my invention.

Figure l is a somewhat diagrammatic view showing an .elevation of thecarburetor with p'arts in section, and showing a section of the exhaustpipe with the controlling thermostat attached thereto. I

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the carburetor shown in Figure l,showing choke valve when same is in closed position. Figure 3 is asectional view corresponding to Figure 2, exceptthat the choke valve isin slightly open position.

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the carburetor 2s claims. n (ol.12s-119) Figure 5 is a sectional view of the carburetor shown in Figurel, the section being taken through the iioat bowl and accelerating pump.

Figure 6 is ,a plan view of the carburetor shown inFigures1to5. p

Figure -7 is a detail view showing a slightly modified form of thedevice.

The reference numeral I indicates the lower half, or'main body member ofthe carburetor. This lower half is provided with a ange 2 by means o!which it may be attached to the intake shown in Figure 1, with partsbroken away and others shown in section.

manifold of an internal combustion engine. The upper half of thecarburetor 3 is formed in a separate casting and superposed on the lowerhalf. The` two halves of the carburetor have a downdraft mixing conduitextending therethrough, which mixing conduit comprises air inlet 5, airchamber 6, mixing chamber 1, and discharge outlet 8.

The admission of air to the carburetor .is com trolled by a choke valve,which is generally indicated at 9, and which is carried by the shaft I0.The choke valve is made up of two sections, one section being rigidlyattached to the choke valve shaft, as indicated at I I, and the othersection I2 being pivotally attached to the choke valve shaft andoperablelby suction. A spring` I3 yieldably attached to the two sectionsof the choke valve normally holds the section I2 in line with thesection II. .Section I2 has a projection I4 thereon, for limiting itsclosing movement so that the action of the spring I3 will be stoppedwhen section I2 has been brought into line with lsection II. A latch I5is pivotally-mounted on the solid section II and has a latch contactmember I6. thereon for contacting wlth'the wallof the air inlet, andprojection Il at the other end thereof for contacting with theprojection I4 to limit thethe carburetor is controlled by throttle valve23,

which is pivotallycarried on shaft 24, and the shaft is arranged` formanual operation in any convenient manner. t Y

. Fuel for low speed operationis supplied to the rmixing conduit throughport or nozzle 25. This l member 48.

. 3 discharge outlet is shown in Figure 1 as a single port extending toboth sides of the throttle when same is in closed position, but it willbe understood that any other port construction or arrangement may beused if desired.

Fuel is supplied to the nozzle 25 by means of idle tube 26, connectingpassageways 21-28, calibrated passageways 29, passage 30, and meteringjet 3|. Fuel for the main nozzle |9 is also supplied from jet 3|,passage 30, and the chamber 32 which surrounds tube 28. Thus, it will beseen that the main nozzle I9 and idling nozzle 25 are connected byrestricted passageway 29 and both nozzles vreceive their fuel in commonfrom the jet 3|, which is controlled in accordance with the position ofthe throttle by means of lmetering rod 33. The jet 3| takes its fuelfrom the chamber 34 in which the fuel is maintained at a constant levelA-A by fioat 35 and needle valve 36. It may be noted at this point thateither the float valve 36 or the lip 35A, which operates the fioatvalve, may be chromium plated to prevent wear.v Fuel is supplied in aconventional manner to needle valve 36 through connection 31 by theusual fuel pump or gravity tank.

The accelerating pump piston 38 is operated by means o-f a rocker arm38a connected to the throttle through link 39 and operating arm 40. Asuitable vent 4| is formed in the upper part of the float chamber abovefuel level for connecting said float chamber to the inside of the mixingconduit. y

Additional venting means for the float chamber, comprising an orifice42, is also provided. Preferably, the orice 42 is ofsmaller capacitythan the orifice 4|, whereby a draft will be created through the fioatchamber for cooling the fuel therein, but the fuel in the float chamberwill also be subjected to a suction corresponding to the speed of airflowing through the carburetor.

The choke valve 9 is primarily controlled by thermostat 43, which ismounted on the exhaust .pipe 44 of the engine. 'I'he thermostat is ofthe usual bimetallic type and is wound in such a manner that the freeend 45 will turn in a clockwise direction with reference to Figure 1,when the temperature is raised. 'I'he connection of the thermostat tothe choke valve includes a link 46 which is plvoted to the free end ofthe thermostat and also to the arm 41 at pivot 48. The link 46 isprovided with a shoulder 49, and va spring 50 is mounted around the link46 above the shoulder, so that one end of the spring will contact withthe shoulder and the other with the pivot It will be understood that therod 46 is freely slidable in pivot 48 and its motion in one direction islimited by the spring, and :motion in the other direction is limited bynut which is fixed tothe end of link 46.

Arm 41 in this modification is attached to the choke shaft I0. With thethermostat in the position shown in Figure 1, the choke valve will be inclosed position; as the thermostat heats up, the choke valve moves tothe position indicated by dotted lines in Figure l. The closed positionof the choke valve will correspond to a thermostat temperature ofapproximately 50' to 70 degrees Fahrenheit, if the thermostat is:mounted on the exhaust pipe as shown, and the :full open position ofthe choke valve will be :reached when the temperature of the thermostat:.s approximately 130 to 150 degrees Fahrenheit.

For providing an initial movement of the choke as soon as the enginestarts to run under its own 4 power, a cylinder 52 having a piston53slidably mounted therein is provided. The piston is connected by meansof a hollow piston rod 54, ball and socket joint 55, and link 56 to anarm 51 which is mounted on the choke shaft. 'I'he arm i-s mounted tofreely rotate on the choke shaft,

` but a -stop 58 is provided to contact with anv extension 59 on the armt1, so that movement of the arm 51 in a clockwise direction withreference to Figure 1 will cause an opening movement of the chokevlalve.

A spring 60 is mounted in the cylinder 52 for normally holding thepiston 53 in its raised position, so that the normal closing of thechoke valve under the inuence of the thermostat 42 will not beinterfered with. A suction passage 6| is formed in the lower casting toconnect the discharge outlet of the carburetor with the lower end o-fthe cylinder through a restrictedl orifice 62. The restriction of theorifice 62 is calibrated to provide a delayed action in the opening ofthe choke valve under the influence of the suction, otherwise, themixture would be leaned out too quickly when the engine starts to rununder its own power. A valve 63 slidably mounted in the hollow 'pistonrod 54 and normally held in wnward position by spring 64 is provided forclosing off the orifice 62 after a predetermined mover rent of thepiston.

A modified form of the invention may be constructed as shown in Figure7. The arm 41 is loosely mounted on the shaft I0. 'I'he arm 51 istightly mounted on the shaft I0 and the valve 63 is omitted, the piston53 being relied on to give a full opening movement of the choke valveunder suction. It will be noted that the stop 58 is formed in twoportions at an angle to each other, the lower portion of thisV membercontacts with the projection 59 on one end of arm 41, and

the upper portion contacts with the opposite endl of .the arm 41,'permitting a lost motion of approximately 30 degrees between contact orthe l member 58 withthe arm 41 and extension 59.

When this construction is used, there will be less danger of straining'the thermostat 43 at high temperatures, because the lost motion betweenarm 41 and stop 58 will permit a. substantially free movement of thethermostat after the normal operating temperature of approximatelydegrees has been reached. It will be understood, of course, thatextremely high temperatures on the exhaust pipe 44 are reached duringoperation of the car. These temperatures may reach 475 or 500 degreesFahrenheit, and inasmuch as it is desired to have the choke valve fullyopened by the thermostat at a temperature of approximately 150 degreesor less, .the thermostat would be placed under a considerable strainafter the full open position was reached, if some means were notprovided for permitting free movement of the thermostat. The spring 50is normally made weak enough to permit a substantially free movement ofthe thermostat, but when additional lost motion and free movement afterthe choke valve is opened is provided for, the danger of straining themem-ber 43 at high temperatures is substantially eliminated.

The operation of the device is as follows:

Fuel is supplied from a conventional gravityI ing the suction developedby the engine on the fuel nozzles 20 and 25 (Figure 1), and drawing avery rich mixture into the engine for starting.

It will be understood that the normalrcranking speeds of an engine are100 R. P. M. or less,

while the normal operating" speeds are 200- R. P. M. or more. As soon asthe engine begins to operate under its own power, the suction is verysubstantially increased. The suction at cranking speeds is approximatelyone-hall pound per square inch, while at operating speeds,` `the suctionwith the choke valve in closed position will be six or seven pounds' persquare inch.l

As soon as the engine starts to run-under its own power, the increasedsuction will slightly open valve portion i2 against the resistance ofthe spring i3 until the movement of the member I2 is stopped by contactof the projection i4 with the latch il and admit some additional air tothe engine to slightly lean out the mixture.

At the same time that the engine starts to run under its own power, thesuction will be supplied to cylinder 52 by means of connection 6i, andwill begin to draw the piston 53 downwardly, and open the choke valve.As soon as the solid portion of the choke valve reaches the positionshown in Figure 3, the projection' il on the latch i5 will pass out ofcontact with projection it on the yieldable portion of the valvepermitting portion i2 of the choke valve to open further independentlyof portion ii under the infiuenceof the intake suction, and thecarburetor may then operate as an air valve carburetor untilthethermostat rli has warmed up suiliciently to continue the openingmovement of the choke valve. It will be noted that there is a pause inthe opening movement of said valve after the operation of the suctioncylinder is completed. During this pause, the' thermostat 43 is beingwarmed up, and the piston chambers of the motor are also warming up.During this pause, the portion i2 of the choke valve, which is directlyoperated by suction, takes care of the requirements of the carburetorand opens or closes in accordance with the suction which may be applied.Preferably, the valve. closing movement of the suction operated pistonis just suiiicient to insure the unlatching of the latch i5 so that thesuction operated member l2 may rotate further independently of valveportion il.

Withinless than a minute after the engine begine to operate(assumingthat the initial starting temperature is approximately zeroFahrenheit), the thermostat will continue the opening movement of thechoke valve, and whenI the exhaust pipe M has reached a temperature ofapproximately 150 degrees, the choke valve will be in full openposition, or nearly so. After the full open position of the choke isreached. further movement thereof is prevented by stop means 99; asshown in broken lines in Figure '7, and further heating `of thethermostat will cause compression of the spring 50. The strength oi.'this spring is insuiiicient to cause permanent deformation of thethermostat at high temperatures.

In the second modication, as shown in Figure 7, the arm 41 is loose onthe choke shaft and may rotate approximately 30 degrees clockwiserelasaid carburetor will` be simultaneously concendrops.

tive to'shaft i0 and arm l1 rigid therewith bei i fore the spring 50 iscompressed. In this modlilcation, sumcient movement of the piston I3 ispermitted prior to the closing oi.' the valve III to permit the suctionyto fully open the choke valve.

With the latter construction, closing move- Vments oi' the choke valvewill occur whenever the i suction inthe intake manifold is lowered,unless the temperature is so high that the lost motion between the arm41 Vand the stop 58 has already been taken up. This is very desirablefor accelof the thermostat is degrees with the choke valve fully open,the 30` degrees of closing movement would still be permitted when thesuction If the temperature rises another 25 or 30 degrees, the arm 41will be given approximately 10 degrees of angular movement in aclockwise direction with reference to Figure 1. If the suction nowfalls, the choke valve can only have 20 degrees of closing movementbefore contact of the stop 58 with the arm 41, and if the temperature isstill further raised by 40 or 50 degrees, the choke valve will not closeat all when the suction drops. Inasmuch as the normal operatingtemperature of the thermostat is approximately 250 or 300'degr`ees, itwill be seen that the choke valve will be kept in full open positioni'or normal operation, but under low temperatures and before the engineis fully warmed up, there will be a slight closing movement of the chokevalve to assist acceleration.

I claim:

1. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, a, downdraft airpassage., a throttle valve at the lower end thereof, a choke valve atthe upper end thereof, said choke valve comprising a, suction operatedportion and a solidf portion, a shaft rigidly fixed to said solidportion, a. piston connecting with said shaft, a cylinder for saidpiston, a connection for conveying suction to saidcylinder from a pointin said air passage below said throttle, and a heat responsive deviceconstructed and arranged to act in opposition to the opening of thechoke valve when the temperature is low.

2. In a carburetor, means forming a ldowndraft air passageway, achokevalve at the upper end of said passage, a throttle valve at the lowerend of said passage, a pair of fuel nozzles discharging by suction intosaid air passageway, one of said nozzles discharging at a comparativelylow level adjacent said throttle, and the other discharging ai; acomparatively high level between said throttle and said choke valve, asuction operated piston for operating said choke valve, spring meansnormally tending to hold said choke valve in closed position, wherebythe suction in trated on both' of said nozzles, a suctionfpassageconnected at a point below said throttle to convey suction to operatesaid piston, and a valve carried by said piston for controlling saidsuction passage.

3. In acarburetor, means forming an air passageway, a choke valve at theinlet end of said passage, a throttle valve at the outlet end of saiddischarging adjacent said throttle, and the other discharging betweensaid throttle and said choke valve, a suction operated piston foroperating said choke valve, heat responsive means yieldably tending tohold. said choke valve in closed position when the temperature is low,whereby the suction lin said carburetor will be simultaneouslyconcentrated on both of said nozzles, a suction passage connected to apoint below said throttle to convey suction to operate said piston, anda valve carried by said piston for controlling said suction passage.

4. In a carburetor, means forming a mixing conduit, a plurality ofventuris in said mixing conduit, a main fuel nozzle discharging into oneof said venturis, a throttle controlling the discharge of mixture fromsaid carburetor, a second fuel nozzle discharging into said mixingconduit adjacent said throttle valve, a choke valve for controlling theadmission of air to said conduit, said choke valve including a partwhich is movable toward open position by direct action of suction, asuction operated piston connected to said choke in such a manner as totend to open the choke upon increases of suction, and e, thermostatconnected to said choke. 5. In a plain tube carburetor, means forming amixing conduit, means forming a venturi in said mixing conduit, a mainfuel nozzle discharging into said venturi, a throttle controlling thedischarge of mixture from said carburetor, a second fuel nozzledischarging into said mixing conduit adjacent said throttle valve, achoke valve for controlling the admission of air to said conduit, saidchoke valve including a, part which is movable toward open position b'ydirect action of suction, a suction operated piston connected to saidchoke in such a manner as to tend to open the choke upon increases ofsuction, and a thermostat connected to said choke.

6. In a carburetor, means forming a mixing conduit, a pluralityof-venturis in said mixing conduit, a, main fuel nozzle discharging intoone-of said venturis, a throttle controlling the discharge of mixturefrom said carburetor, a second fuel nozzle discharging into said mixingconduit adjacent said throttle valve, a choke valve for controlling theadmission of air to said conduit, said choke valve including a partwhich is movable toward open position by direct action of suction, asuction operated piston connected to said choke in such a manner as totend to open said choke upon increases in suction, a thermostatconnected to said choke, said thermostat being connected to said chokethrough a yieldable connection, whereby said thermostat may continue tomove after any stoppage of the movement of said choke valve.

7. In a plain tube carburetor, means forming a, mixing conduit, meansforming a venturi in said mixing conduit, a main fuel nozzle discharginginto said venturi, a throttle controlling the discharge of mixture fromsaid carburetor, a second fuel nozzle discharging into said mixingconsion of air to said conduit, said choke valve comduit adjacent saidthrottle valve, a choke valve for controlling the admission of air tosaid conduit, said choke valve including a part which is movable towardopen position by .direct action of suction, a suction operated pistonconnected to said choke in such a manner as to tend to open said chokeupon increases in suction, a thermostat connected to said choke,saidlthermostat being connected to said choke through a yieldableconnection, whereby said thermostat may con- 1 tinue to move after anystoppage of the movement of said choke. o

8, In a carburetor, means forming a mixing prising a stem, a portionrigid with said stem and a portion movable with respect to said rigidportion and adapted to be directly operated by suction, and additionalmeans operated by the suction existing in the outlet end oi the mixingconduit for controlling the rigid portion of said choke valve.

10. In a carburetor, means forming a mixing conduit, a choke valve foroperating the admission of air to said conduit, said choke valvecomprising a stem, a portion rigid with said stem, and a portion movablewith respect to said rigid portion and adapted to be directly operatedby suction, additional means operated by the suction existing in theoutlet end of the mixing conduit-for controlling the rigid portion ofsaid choke valve, and means including a heat responsive device forcontrolling the mixture delivered by said carburetor.

11. In a carburetor, means forming a mixing conduit, a choke valve forcontrolling the admission of air to said conduit, said choke valvecomprising a stem, a portion rigid with said stem and a portion movablewith respect to said rigid portion and adapted to be directly operatedby suction, additional suction. operated means for controlling the rigidportion of said choke valve,

12. In a carburetor, means forming a mixing v conduit, a choke valve foroperating the admission of air to said conduit, said choke valvecomprising a stem, a portion rigid with said stem, and a. portionmovable with respect to said rigid portion and adapted to be directlyoperated by suction, additional suction operated means for controllingthe rigid portion of said choke valve, latch means controlled inaccordance with the position of the solid portion of said choke valvefor limiting the movements of that portion o1' the choke valve which isdirectly operated by suction, and means including a heat responsivedevice for controlling the mixture delivered by said carburetor.

13. In a, carburetor, means forming a mixing conduit, a choke valve forcontrolling the admission of air to said conduit, said choke valvecomprising a stem, a portion rigid with said stem and a portion movablewith respect to said rigid portion and adapted to 'be directly operatedby suction, additional suction operated means for controlling the rigidportion of said choke valve, and a heat responsive element for operatingsaid choke valve in conjunction withsaidsuction operated means.

14. In a. carburetor, means forming a mixing conduit, a choke valve forcontrolling the admission of air to said conduit, a plurality ofinterconnected nozzles discharging fuel into said conduit at spacedpoints, both posterior to said choke valve, a throttle valve controllingthe discharge of mixture from said conduit, a heat responsive elementfor controlling the position of said choke valve. suction operated meanscarried by said choke valve foradmitting air by suction `when said chokevalve is completely closed, and means in addition to said suctionoperated means for automatically opening said choke valve apredetermined degree whenever said engine is running under its ownpower.

15. In a plain tube carburetor, means forming a mixing conduit, athrottle at the outlet oi said conduit, a choke valve for controllingthe admission of air to said conduit, a heat responsive device connectedto the operating shaft of said choke valve, a suction responsive deviceconnected to the operating shaft of said choke valve and operated by thesuction existing in the outlet of said mixing conduit, one of saiddevices 'being free to move in one direction only with respect to saidshaft, and the other of` said devices being rigidly connected to saidshaft, said mixing conduit anterior to said throttle being open and ofconstant size regardless of suction when the norf force of thetemperature responsive means, said mal operating temperature ismaintained or exceeded.

16. In a' device of the class described, a choke I valve, a shaft forsaid choke valve, said choke valve comprising a portion solidly xed tosaid shaft and a suction operated portion, means controlled by theposition of said shaft for limiting the movement of said suctionoperated portion, means comprising a suction responsive element and aheat; responsive element for controlling the position of said shaft,said suction responsive element being adapted `to initiate an openingmovement of said choke valve, and said heat responsive element beingconstructed and arranged to complete the opening movement of said chokevalve.

17. In an internal combustion engine, means forming a mixing conduit, athrottle for controlling the mixture discharged from said conduit, achoke for controlling the admission of air to said conduit, means forpartially closing said choke in response to an opening movement of saidthrottle when the temperature is low, thereby giving a richer mixturefor acceleration, and heat responsive means for preventing such partialclosing of the choke when the temperature is high.

18. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, an air passage, athrottle valve and a choke valve in said passage, said choke valvecomprising a plurality of portions, one of said portions being suctionoperated, a shaft rigidly fixed to another of` said portions, a. pistonconnected to said shaft, a cylinder for said piston communieating withsaid air passage posterior to said throttle, and a heat responsivedevice constructed and arranged to act in opposition to the opening ofthe choke valve .when the temperature is low.

v1,9. In a carburetor for internal vcombustion engines, an' air passage,a throttle valve and a choke valve in said passage, said choke valvecomprising a plurality lof portions, one ofv said portions being suctionoperated, a shaft rigidly fixed to another of said portions, a, piston.connected to said shaft, a cylinder for said piston communicating withsaid air passage posterior to said throttle, and a heat responsivedevice constructed and arranged to act in opposition to the opening ofthe choke valve when the temperature is low, said mixing conduitanterior to said mixing conduit between said choke and said throttlebeing open and of iixed size regardless of suction, said choke valvebeing moved to fully open position when the normal operating temperatureis reached or exceeded and remaining in such fully open position as longas said normal operating temperature is maintained or exceededregardless of suction.

21. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, an air passage, athrottle valve :adjacent the posterior end thereof, a; choke valveadjacent the anterior end thereof, said choke valve comprising a suctionoperated portion and a solid portion, a shaft rigidly fixed to saidsolid portion, a piston connecting with` said shaft, a cylinder for saidpiston, a connection for conveying suction to said cylinder from a pointin said air passage posterior to said throttle, and a heat responsivedevice constructed and arranged to urge the choke valve toward fullyopen position when the temperature is high.

22. In a `carburetor for internal combustion engines, an air passage, athrottlemvalve adjacent the posterior end thereof, a choke valveadjacent the anterior end thereof, said choke valve comprising a suctionoperated portion and a solid portion, a shaft rigidly xed to said solidportion,

a piston connecting with said shaft, a cylinder.

23. In combination 'with an internal combus-` tion engine, a carburetorhaving a throttle and a choke valve, temperature responsive meansinfluencing the movements of said valve and operative to move said valvetoward open position when hot, and suction operated means capable ofmoving the valve to at least a partially opened position, said suctionoperated means comprising a chamber connected-to a point posterior tothe throttle and having a movable spring pressed wall subject tothesuction at said point, said choke valve being moved to fully openposition when the normal operating temperature is reached or exceededand remaining in such fully open position as long as said normaloperating temperature is maintained or exceeded regardless of suction.

24. In a carburetor, an induction passage having an air inlet, a chokevalve controlling the air inlet, a, throttle controlling the inductionpassage, a bimetallic spring thermostat having a resilient connectionwith the choke valve and adapted to close the choke valve when c old andto completely open it when hot, a suction chamber connected to theinductionV passage posterior to the throttle and having a, movable wallresponsive to suction therein, yielding means urging said 4wall in adirection opposite tothe force exerted on it by of the temperatureresponsive means, said choke'v valve being moved to fully open positionwhen the normal operating temperature is reached or l exceeded andremaining in such fully open position as long as said normal operatingtemperature is maintained or exceeded, regardless of suction.

' 26. In combination with an internal combustion engine, a plain tubecarburetor having a choke valve, temperature responsive means yieldinglyurging the choke valve toward closed position when the temperature islow, and suction operated means capable of moving the valve to apartially opened position against the force .of the temperatureresponsive means, the admission of air to said carburetor being open andunrestricted except by said choke valve, said choke valve being moved tofully open position when the normal operating temperature is reached orexceeded and remaining in such fully open position as long as saidnormal operating temperature is maintained or exceeded,-.regardless ofsuction.

27. The combination with an internal combustion engine, a carburetorhaving a. choke, temperature responsive means yieldingly urging thevalve-toward closed position, and suction operated means capable ofmoving the valve to at least a partially opened position when 'thetemperature responsive means tends to holdthe choke valve in closedposition, said choke valve being moved to fully open position when thenormal operating y temperature is reached or exceeded and remaining insuch fully open position as long as said normal operating temperature ismaintained or exceeded regardless of suction.

28. In combination with an internal combustion engine, a 'carburetorhaving a choke valve, temperature responsive means yieldingly urging thechoke valve toward closed position, and suction operated means capableof moving the valve to a partially opened position while saidtemperature responsive means urges the choke valve to- '.ward closedposition, said choke valve being moved to fully open position when thenormal operating temperature is reached or exceeded and remaining insuch fullyopen position as long as said normal operating temperature ismaintained or exceeded, regardless ofsuction.

OTTO HENNING.

` annnnaneas errno .The following :references are of record in the le ofthispatent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number l' Name Date 1,285,609 Bubb Nov. 26, y19181,343,311 Cory June 15, 1920 1,413,371 Adler et al. Apr. 18, 19221,843,186 Wolfard Feb. 2, 1932 1,799,486 Stokes Apr. 7, 1931 1,842,690.Stokes Jan. 26, 1932 v1,562,651 Mock Nov. 24, 1925 1,304,808 Royce May27, 1919 v1,841,687 Stokes Jan. 19, 1932 1,723,936 Hifner 1 Aug. 6, 19291,493,975 Folberth May 13, 1924 v 1,821,014 Heitger Sept. 1, 19311,841,749 Martin Jan. 19, 1932 1,351,477 Hodges Aug. 31, 1920 11,854,236Stokes Apr. 19, 1932 1,413,985 Hodges Apr. 25, 1922 .1,945,191 Hunt ...vJan. 30, 1934 2,085,351

Colley June' 29, 1937 Disclaimer 2,421,733.-0tt0 Henning, St. Louis, Mo.INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINE. Patent dated June 3, 1947. Disclaimer filedNov. 8, 1950, by the assignee, Garter Oabwetor Oopomtz'on. Hereby entersthis disclaimer to claims 17, 23, 27 and 28 of said patent.

[Oficial Gazette Deeembe?a 5, 1950.]

